一、贸易术语及货代相应责任范围

   E组（发货）

EXW　　           工厂交货（……指定地点）

当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓库）将货物交给买方处置时，即完成交货，卖方不办理出口清关手续或将货物装上任何运输工具。

货代由收货人指定，负责安排自工厂接货装箱，定舱，报关报验，签单，发货至目的港。相关费用由收货人支付。

F组（主要运费未付）

FCA　　　　  　　　货交承运人（……指定地点）

卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给买方指定的承运人，并办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。需要说明的是，若卖方在其所在地交货，则卖方应负责装货，若卖方在任何其他地点交货，卖方不负责卸货。

货代由收货人指定，负责自指定地点起货物运输，安排定舱，签单，发货至目的港，相关费用由收货人支付。

FAS　　　　　　　　船边交货（……指定装运港）

卖方在指定的装运港将货物交到船边，即完成交货。买方必须承担自那时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。卖方办理出口清关手续。

货代由收货人指定，负责自船边起货物运输，安排定舱，签单，发货至目的港，相关费用由收货人支付。

FOB　　　　　　　　船上交货（……指定装运港）

当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷，卖方即完成交货。这意味着买方必须从该点起承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。

货代由收货人指定，负责自船上起货物运输，安排定舱，签单，发货至目的港，相关费用由收货人支付。

世界主要航海线和海港
从西欧各港口经北大西洋到北美洲东岸各港口的航线，大型船只可以畅行无阻。从西欧经直布罗陀海峡、地中海、苏伊士运河，到西亚、南亚、东亚各港口的航线，运输量很大。但是，由于受苏伊士运河航道的限制，特大型船只必须绕道非洲南端的好望角。从美洲东岸各港口通往北美洲西岸各港口的航线由于受巴拿马运河航道的限制，特大型船只必须绕道南美洲南端的麦哲伦海峡。从西欧和北美洲东岸各港口到南美洲东岸各港口的航线，也很重要。
世界上海港很多，亚洲的上海、香港、新加坡、孟买、科伦坡、横滨等，非洲的开普敦，欧洲的伦敦、利物浦、马赛、鹿特丹、汉堡，大洋洲的悉尼，美洲的布宜诺斯艾利斯、里约热内卢、圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）、纽约等，都是重要港口。

氯化镁英文版MSDS

 

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE

 

                      

SECTION 1-MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION AND USE
Supllier:	Emergency Telephone Numbers:
Chemical Name: MgCl2  Magnesium Chloride	Chemical Family:                Inorganic  Salts
Product Use: Deicing, Dust Control, Mud drilling Lubricant, Road Base Stabilization	Trade Name: MgCL2  Magnesium Chloride

 

	Section 1 – Chemical Product
MSDS Name:   Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate Synonym:   Dus-Top; Mangogene.

 

Section 2 – COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

 

CAS#  7791-18-6   Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
7791-18-6 Magnesium Chloride, Hexahydrate	100%	unlisted

 

Hazard Symbols: None Listed. Risk Phrases: None Listed.

 

Section 3 – HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air). Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause mild eye irritation. Skin: May cause skin irritation. Ingestion: Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Inhalation of fumes may cause metal fume fever, which is characterized by flu-like symptoms with metallic taste, fever, chills, cough, weakness, chest pain, muscle pain and increased white blood cell count. Chronic: May cause kidney damage.

 

Section 4 – FIRST AID MEASURES

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Skin: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Get medical aid. Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Notes to Physician:

 

	Section 5 – FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
		General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Material will not burn. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water with caution and in flooding amounts. Extinguishing Media: Use extinguishing media most appropriate for the surrounding fire.

 

	Section 6 – ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
	General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

 

	Section 7 – HANDLING and STORAGE
	Handling: Wash hands before eating. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep away from water. Store protected from moisture.

 

Section 8 – EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION

Engineering Controls: Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control airborne levels. Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Exposure Limits CAS# 7791-18-6: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

 

Section 9 – PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Solid Color: white to gray white Odor: none reported pH: 7.0 (Solution) Vapor Pressure: Not available. Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: 1412 deg C Freezing/Melting Point: 118 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: Not available. Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: Not available. Decomposition Temperature: 100 C Solubility in water: Soluble in water and alcohol Specific Gravity/Density: 1.569 Molecular Formula: MgCl2.6H2O Molecular Weight: 203.2914

 

	Section 10 – STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
	Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Conditions to Avoid: Dust generation, heating to decomposition, exposure to moist air or water. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Oxidizing agents, 2-furan + percarboxylic acid. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, chlorine. Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

 

	Section 11 – TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
	RTECS#: CAS# 7791-18-6: OM2975000 LD50/LC50: CAS# 7791-18-6: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 7600 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 8100 mg/kg. Carcinogenicity: Magnesium Chloride, Hexahydrate – Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

 

	Section 12 – ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

 

	Section 13 – DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
	Products which are considered hazardous for supply are classified as Special Waste and the disposal of such chemicals is covered by regulations which may vary according to location. Contact a specialist disposal company or the local waste regulator for advice. Empty containers must be decontaminated before returning for recycling.

 

	Section 14 – TRANSPORT INFORMATION
	IATA Shipping Name: Not regulated. Hazard Class: UN Number: Packing Group: IMO Shipping Name: Not regulated. Hazard Class: UN Number: Packing Group: RID/ADR Shipping Name: Not regulated. Hazard Class: UN Number: Packing group:

 

Section 15 – REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: Not available. Risk Phrases: Safety Phrases: S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 7791-18-6: 0 Canada None of the chemicals in this product are listed on the DSL/NDSL list. CAS# 7791-18-6 is not listed on Canada’s Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 7791-18-6 is not on the TSCA Inventory because it is a hydrate. It is considered to be listed if the CAS number for the anhydrous form is on the inventory (40CFR720.3(u)(2)).